Recent progress in the biosynthesis of dicarboxylic acids, a monomer of biodegradable plastics / 生物工程学报

Plastics are one of the most important polymers with huge global demand. However, the downsides of this polymer are that it is difficult to degrade, which causes huge pollution. The environmental-friendly bio-degradable plastics therefore could be an alternative and eventually fulfill the ever-growing demand from every aspect of the society. One of the building blocks of bio-degradable plastics is dicarboxylic acids, which have excellent biodegradability and numerous industrial applications. More importantly, dicarboxylic acid can be biologically synthesized. Herein, this review discusses the recent advance on the biosynthesis routes and metabolic engineering strategies of some of the typical dicarboxylic acids, in hope that it will help to provide inspiration to further efforts on the biosynthesis of dicarboxylic acids.

Signals mining and analysis of adverse drug events of pazopanib based on FAERS database / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To mine and analyze adverse drug event （ADE） signals after the marketing of pazopanib and provide references for clinically safe medication. METHODS OpenVigil 2.1 data platform was used to mine ADE signals from the US FDA adverse event reporting system （FAERS） database. ADE reports of pazopanib from October 2009 to June 2022 were collected， and ADE signals were analyzed using proportional reporting ratio （PRR） method and reporting odds ratio （ROR） method in the proportional imbalance method. RESULTS A total of 16 655 ADE reports were identified with pazopanib as the primary suspect drug. Through ROR and PRR analysis， 220 ADE signals involving 19 system organ classes were identified. The top 10 ADE signals by frequency were recorded in the drug instruction. Additionally， 88 new ADE signals were discovered， mainly related to the gastrointestinal system， various investigations， and the renal and urinary system. Decreased basophil count， nail bed hemorrhage， tumor rupture， and vaginal fistula were both new ADE signals and the top 10 ADE signals by strength. CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of common ADEs （diarrhea， hair color changes， hypertension， etc.） during the use of pazopanib after marketing is generally consistent with its drug instruction； the number of reported cases for new suspected risk signals （decreased basophil count， nail bed hemorrhage， tumor rupture， and vaginal fistula， etc.） is limited， and continuous monitoring is required.

Development of mortality prediction model for critically ill patients based on multidimensional and dynamic clinical characteristics / 中华危重病急救医学

OBJECTIVE@#To develop a mortality prediction model for critically ill patients based on multidimensional and dynamic clinical data collected by the hospital information system (HIS) using random forest algorithm, and to compare the prediction efficiency of the model with acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) model.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 10 925 critically ill patients aged over 14 years old admitted to the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2014 to June 2020 were extracted from the HIS system, and APACHE II scores of the critically ill patients were extracted. Expected mortality of patients was calculated according to the death risk calculation formula of APACHE II scoring system. A total of 689 samples with APACHE II score records were used as the test set, and the other 10 236 samples were used to establish the random forest model, of which 10% (n = 1 024) were randomly selected as the validation set and 90% (n = 9 212) were selected as the training set. According to the time series of 3 days before the end of critical illness, the clinical characteristics of patients such as general information, vital signs data, biochemical test results and intravenous drug doses were selected to develope a random forest model for predicting the mortality of critically ill patients. Using the APACHE II model as a reference, receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) was drawn, and the discrimination performance of the model was evaluated through the area under the ROC curve (AUROC). According to the precision and recall, Precision-Recall curve (PR curve) was drawn, and the calibration performance of the model was evaluated through the area under the PR curve (AUPRC). Calibration curve was drawn, and the consistency between the predicted event occurrence probability of the model and the actual occurrence probability was evaluated through the calibration index Brier score.@*RESULTS@#Among the 10 925 patients, there were 7 797 males (71.4%) and 3 128 females (28.6%). The average age was (58.9±16.3) years old. The median length of hospital stay was 12 (7, 20) days. Most patients (n = 8 538, 78.2%) were admitted to intensive care unit (ICU), and the median length of ICU stay was 66 (13, 151) hours. The hospitalized mortality was 19.0% (2 077/10 925). Compared with the survival group (n = 8 848), the patients in the death group (n = 2 077) were older (years old: 60.1±16.5 vs. 58.5±16.4, P < 0.01), the ratio of ICU admission was higher [82.8% (1 719/2 077) vs. 77.1% (6 819/8 848), P < 0.01], and the proportion of patients with hypertension, diabetes and stroke history was also higher [44.7% (928/2 077) vs. 36.3% (3 212/8 848), 20.0% (415/2 077) vs. 16.9% (1 495/8 848), 15.5% (322/2 077) vs. 10.0% (885/8 848), all P < 0.01]. In the test set data, the prediction value of random forest model for the risk of death during hospitalization of critically ill patients was greater than that of APACHE II model, which showed by that the AUROC and AUPRC of random forest model were higher than those of APACHE II model [AUROC: 0.856 (95% confidence interval was 0.812-0.896) vs. 0.783 (95% confidence interval was 0.737-0.826), AUPRC: 0.650 (95% confidence interval was 0.604-0.762) vs. 0.524 (95% confidence interval was 0.439-0.609)], and Brier score was lower than that of APACHE II model [0.104 (95% confidence interval was 0.085-0.113) vs. 0.124 (95% confidence interval was 0.107-0.141)].@*CONCLUSIONS@#The random forest model based on multidimensional dynamic characteristics has great application value in predicting hospital mortality risk for critically ill patients, and it is superior to the traditional APACHE II scoring system.

Distribution characteristics of gene mutations in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and their relationship with prognosis / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective:To investigate the distribution characteristics of gene mutations and their relationship with prognosis in newly diagnosed patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).Methods:The clinical data of 225 newly diagnosed AML (non-acute promyelocytic leukemia) patients in the Second Affiliated Hospital (Tangdu Hospital) of Air Force Medical University from May 2016 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Thirty-four gene mutations related to AML, myelodyplastic syndrome (MDS) and myeloproliterative neoplasms (MPN) were detected by second-generation sequencing. The distribution of all gene mutations and its difference among different age groups were analyzed, and the differences in survival of patients with different gene mutations were compared. The Cox regression model was employed to analyze the survival influencing factors of patients aged <60 years old and ≥60 years old.Results:A total of 496 gene mutation sites were detected in 225 patients, with a median variant allel frequency (VAF) of 38.55% (1.00%-94.86%) and a median gene mutations of 3/case (0-8/case). The genes with high mutation frequency were ASXL1, CEBPA, NPM1, NRAS, FLT3-ITD, DNMT3A, IDH2, TET2, RUNX1, and IDH1. The gene mutation rates of TET2, SRSF2 and SF3B1 in patients aged ≥60 years old (56 cases) were higher than those in patients aged <60 years old (169 cases), and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.01). The proportion of patients aged ≥60 years old with 3 or more gene mutations was higher than that of patients aged <60 years old [53.6% (30/56) vs. 33.1% (56/169), χ2 = 7.44, P = 0.006]. The overall survival (OS) of patients with TP53, RUNX1 or FLT3-ITD gene mutation was worse than that of wild-type patients, the OS of patients with CEBPA double mutations was better than that of patients with CEBPA single mutation or wild-type, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that CEBPA ( HR = 0.279, 95% CI 0.084-0.926, P = 0.037), TET2 ( HR = 2.611, 95% CI 1.115-6.111, P = 0.027) and TP53 ( HR = 3.609, 95% CI 1.159-11.234, P = 0.027) gene mutations were independent factors affecting the survival of AML patients aged <60 years old, ASXL1 ( HR = 3.523, 95% CI 1.385-8.962, P = 0.008), FLT3-ITD ( HR = 4.618, 95% CI 1.813-11.762, P = 0.001) and NRAS ( HR = 2.896, 95% CI 1.166-7.000, P = 0.022) were independent risk factors of the survival of AML patients aged ≥60 years old. Conclusions:There are differences in the distribution of gene mutations among AML patients with different age, and the elderly patients are more likely to have multiple gene mutations at the same time. In addition to the currently known CEBPA double mutations, TP53, ASXL1, RUNX1 and other gene mutations, TET2 and NRAS gene mutations may also be factors affecting the prognosis.

Analysis of interactions of immune checkpoint inhibitors with antibiotics in cancer therapy / 医学前沿

The discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4, has played an important role in the development of cancer immunotherapy. However, immune-related adverse events often occur because of the enhanced immune response enabled by these agents. Antibiotics are widely applied in clinical treatment, and they are inevitably used in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Clinical practice has revealed that antibiotics can weaken the therapeutic response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Studies have shown that the gut microbiota is essential for the interaction between immune checkpoint inhibitors and antibiotics, although the exact mechanisms remain unclear. This review focuses on the interactions between immune checkpoint inhibitors and antibiotics, with an in-depth discussion about the mechanisms and therapeutic potential of modulating gut microbiota, as well as other new combination strategies.

Clinical significance of next-generation sequencing technology for monitoring molecular minimal residual disease in acute myeloid leukemia / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective@#To investigate the value of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology in the prognosis monitoring and treatment guidance for molecular minimal residual disease (MRD) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with complete remission (CR).@*Methods@#The clinical data of 68 AML (non-acute promyelocytic leukemia) patients who received gene mutation spectrum by using NGS technology at initial diagnosis and in CR phase in Tangdu Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from January 2016 to July 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The recurrence and survival of both molecular MRD positive group and negative group were analyzed and compared, and the value of NGS technology and multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) were also analyzed in MRD monitoring.@*Results@#There were 39 males (57.4%) and 29 females (42.6%) in 68 patients, and the median age was 52 years old (8-82 years old). Molecular MRD positive group included 38 patients, while negative group included 30 patients. Residual mutation gene type in CR phase was most frequently detected in epigenetic regulator gene mutations, such as ASXL1, TET2, DNMT3A and IDH1/IDH2. Statistical analysis showed that the 2-year cumulative recurrence rate (CIR) in the molecular MRD positive group was higher than that in the molecular MRD negative group (86.8% vs. 51.3%; χ2 = 9.249, P = 0.002); the 2-year relapse-free survival (RFS) rate in the molecular MRD positive group was lower than that in the molecular MRD negative group (13.2% vs. 48.7%; χ2 = 9.249, P = 0.002); the 2-year overall survival (OS) rate in the molecular MRD positive group was lower than that in the molecular MRD negative group (58.0% vs. 100%; χ2 = 4.122, P = 0.042). Up to follow-up date, 3 patients with molecular MRD positive and 1 patient with molecular MRD negative who received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) were still in disease-free survival. The results of monitoring MRD showed high consistency (76.7%, 33/43) in NGS and MFC. Compared with the other groups, the patients with both positive NGS and MFC had a higher relapse rate, and the difference was statistically significantly (P < 0.05).@*Conclusions@#Molecular MRD of AML patients is detected by using NGS technology, which could be used to predict the relapse and survival, suggesting that molecular MRD may guide post-remission treatment regimens and the determination of allo-HSCT indications.

Clinical significance of next‐generation sequencing technology for monitoring molecular minimal residual disease in acute myeloid leukemia / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective To investigate the value of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology in the prognosis monitoring and treatment guidance for molecular minimal residual disease (MRD) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with complete remission (CR). Methods The clinical data of 68 AML (non-acute promyelocytic leukemia) patients who received gene mutation spectrum by using NGS technology at initial diagnosis and in CR phase in Tangdu Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from January 2016 to July 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The recurrence and survival of both molecular MRD positive group and negative group were analyzed and compared, and the value of NGS technology and multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) were also analyzed in MRD monitoring. Results There were 39 males (57.4% ) and 29 females (42.6%) in 68 patients, and the median age was 52 years old (8-82 years old). Molecular MRD positive group included 38 patients, while negative group included 30 patients. Residual mutation gene type in CR phase was most frequently detected in epigenetic regulator gene mutations, such as ASXL1, TET2, DNMT3A and IDH1/IDH2. Statistical analysis showed that the 2-year cumulative recurrence rate (CIR) in the molecular MRD positive group was higher than that in the molecular MRD negative group (86.8% vs. 51.3%;χ 2＝ 9.249, P＝ 0.002); the 2-year relapse-free survival (RFS) rate in the molecular MRD positive group was lower than that in the molecular MRD negative group (13.2% vs. 48.7%; χ2＝ 9.249, P＝ 0.002); the 2-year overall survival (OS) rate in the molecular MRD positive group was lower than that in the molecular MRD negative group (58.0% vs. 100%; χ 2 ＝ 4.122, P＝ 0.042). Up to follow-up date, 3 patients with molecular MRD positive and 1 patient with molecular MRD negative who received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) were still in disease-free survival. The results of monitoring MRD showed high consistency (76.7%, 33/43) in NGS and MFC. Compared with the other groups, the patients with both positive NGS and MFC had a higher relapse rate, and the difference was statistically significantly (P < 0.05). Conclusions Molecular MRD of AML patients is detected by using NGS technology, which could be used to predict the relapse and survival, suggesting that molecular MRD may guide post-remission treatment regimens and the determination of allo-HSCT indications.

Clinical features and influence factors of pregnancy-induced hypertension with renal impairment at high altitude / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective To investigate the incidence and clinical features of women with hypertension disorders of pregnancy complicated with renal impairment at high altitude,and explore the impact of proteinuria,renal insufficiency and preexisting chronic kidney disease (CKD) on these patients.Methods A pool of 1790 pregnant women admitted to Yunnan Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital from September 2017 to September 2018.Data of 123 patients who met the criteria of hypertension disorders in pregnancy were collected and retrospectively studied.Their clinical characteristics and pregnancy outcomes were analyzed.Patients with hypertension and renal impairment,simple hypertension patients as well as normal pregnant women were compared.Hypertensive patients with proteinuria,renal insufficiency (Scr ＞ 70 μmol/L) and preexisting CKD were also compared with simple hypertension patients.The impact of proteinuria,renal insufficiency and preexisting CKD on patients with hypertension disorders of pregnancy was assessed by multivariate logistic analysis.Results Of these 123 patients,61 cases (49.6％) had renal impairment,57 cases (46.3％) had proteinuria,15 cases (12.2％)had renal insufficiency and 6 cases (4.9％) had preexisting CKD.Compared with normal pregnant women and simple hypertension patients,patients with hypertension and renal impairment had higher blood pressure,Scr,primipara rate and caesarean section rate (all P ＜ 0.05),lower gestational age,neonatal Apgar scores and plasma albumin level (all P ＜ 0.05),as well as adverse pregnancy outcomes,including premature birth,stillbirth/neonatal death,intrauterine growth restriction,infants of low-birth weight and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) (all P ＜ 0.05).The clinical features and pregnancy outcomes of 57 patients with proteinuria correlated with the proteinuria.Compared with non-nephrotic syndrome patients and patients without proteinuria,patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS) had lower plasma albumin level and higher rates of premature birth,infants of low-birth weight and admission to NICU (all P ＜ 0.05).Among 15 patients with renal insufficiency,there were 13 mild abnormal cases (70 μmol/L ＜ Scr≤ 123 μmol/L,86.7％).Compared with those with normal renal function,patients with renal insufficiency had higher Scr,uric acid and rates of preeclampsia/eclampsia,intrauterine growth restriction,infants of low-birth weight and admission to NICU,while lower plasma albumin level (all P ＜ 0.05).Among 6 patients with preexisting CKD,4 had NS,2 had renal insufficiency,5 delivered before 37 weeks,and 2 infants died.Logistic regression analysis showed that NS (0R=4.863,P=0.032),renal insufficiency (OR=7.550,P=0.017) and systolic pressure (OR=1.061,P=0.002) were independent risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes among patients with hypertension disorders in pregnancy.Conclusions Renal impairment is common among patients with hypertension disorders in pregnancy at high altitude and has adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes.Massive proteinuria,renal insufficiency and systolic pressure are risk factors for these patients.

Observation on clinical efficacy of contact thrombolysis via radial artery or femoral artery pathway for treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of contact thrombolytic therapy between transradial artery intervention (TRI) and transfemoral artery intervention (TFI) pathways in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Methods The clinical data of 64 patients with AIS consistent with the indication of arterial thrombolysis in the People's Hospital of Huimin County of Shandong province from January 2010 to October 2017 were treated with arterial contact thrombolysis after exclusion of contraindications, including 42 cases treated with TRI (TRI group) and 22 cases treated with TFI (TFI group), and they were analyzed retrospectively. The differences in success rate of puncture, puncture time, the interval between the sheath set to the artery and the catheter reaching the diseased vessels, the re-canalization rate of occlusive vessels, surgical time, puncture site bleeding and intracranial bleeding complications and clinical outcomes in the patients were compared between the two groups. Results The comparisons of following indicators between the TRI group and TFI group were as follows: success rate of puncture [97.6% (41/42) vs. 100.0% (22/22)], puncture time (minutes: 5.5±2.0 vs. 5.4±2.3), the interval between sheath set to the artery and catheter reaching the diseased vessel (minutes: 6.2±3.8 vs. 6.7±3.9), occlusive vascular re-canalization rate [45.2% (19/42) vs. 40.9% (9/22)], operation time (hours: 1.50±0.38 vs. 1.45±0.32), incidence intracranial bleeding complications [9.52% (4/42) vs. 9.09% (2/22)], and the differences in above indicators in comparisons between the two groups had no statistical significance (all P > 0.05); however, the complication of bleeding at puncture site in TRI group was significantly lower than that in TFI group [0 vs. 22.7% (5/22), P < 0.05]. There was no statistical difference in clinical outcomes between the two groups. Conclusion It is safe and effective to treat patients with AIS by the TRI approach.

Review of the 60 years′ development of Jiangxi burn medicine on the 60th anniversary of Chinese burn discipline / 中华烧伤杂志

This year marks the 60th anniversary of establishment of burn discipline in China and also the 60th anniversary of the development of burn medicine in Jiangxi. This paper reviews the development history of burn discipline in China and development history, present situation, and direction of burn medicine in the future in Jiangxi, in order to provide suggestions for burn medicine in Jiangxi.

The status quo and analysis of quality control of cancer chemotherapy in 76 hospitals in Beijing / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective@#Investigated the status quo of quality control of cancer chemotherapy in hospitals in Beijing to discover the main problems and provide the improvement measures.@*Methods@#One medical record of cancer chemotherapy was taken every month for examination of quality control, and a total of 10 medical records in each hospital were examined. A total of 756 medical records from 76 hospitals were examined.@*Results@#The results of analysis showed that the overall standardization and quality control of cancer chemotherapy was positively correlated with the grade of hospital. Only 36.8% of the hospitals were equipped with Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Services (PIVAS). In terms of quality control of chemotherapy and medicine, the department of oncology had better performance than other departments (P<0.01). The scores of quality control of chemotherapy and medicine in the hospitals with clinical specialist pharmacists were 50.6 and 14.5, significantly higher than 47.2 and 12.7 of those without clinical specialist pharmacists (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#We should focus on the quality control of cancer chemotherapy in secondary hospitals, reinforce the training of oncology specialists, establish the admission system of oncologists, enhance the training of oncology clinical pharmacists and promote the standardization of cancer chemotherapy.

Literature Analysis of Vitamins Utilization in Parenteral Nutrition Prescription in China during 2006-2015 / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the application of vitamins in parenteral nutrition (PN) prescription,and to provide reference for rational use of vitamins in PN. METHODS:Usingparenteral nutritionintravenous nutritionprescription analy-sisrational drug useanalysis of medical orderas keywords,the literatures about the rationality analysis of PN prescriptions were retrieved from CNKI and Wanfang database during 2006-2015,and the utilization of vitamin included in literatures were ana-lyzed and summarized. RESULTS:A total of 34 literatures were included. There were 158874 prescriptions,among which vitamin was used in 145400 prescriptions (91.52%). 12 or 13 kinds of vitamin were used in 73508 prescriptions (46.27%);over-dose drug use was found in 53388 prescriptions(33.60%),and vitamin was not completely added into 18504 prescriptions(11.65%);no vitamin was added into 1663 prescriptions (1.05%). The proportion of the prescriptions including 12 or 13 kinds of vitamin was the highest in northern China (52.00%). 12 or 13 kinds of vitamin were added into the prescriptions and the author believed that the proportion of excessive use of vitamin,incomplete addition of water-soluble vitamin and fat-soluble vitamin in class three grade A hospitals were all lower than hospitals below class three grade A. The prescriptions including 12 or 13 kinds of necessary vi-tamin were adopted in oncology department(97.72%),internal medicine department(86.62%),intensive care unit(77.99%)and surgery department(52.83%). CONCLUSIONS:The standardized use of vitamin PN prescriptions occupies low proportion in Chi-na. It is necessary to enhance the conception that multiple recommended vitamins should be added into PN.

Experimental study on the expression of α-SMA and HMGB1 in silicotic fibrosismodel rats interfered by lumbricus / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To observe the expression of alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and high mo-bility group protein B1 (HMGB1) in silicosis model rats interfered by lumbricus.@*Methods@#45 rats were ran-domly divided into the control group, model group and group interfered by lumbricus. The silicosis model rats were established. The group interfered by lumbricus were intragastric administered with lumbricus decoction by the 4 ml/kg dose. The control group and model group were ig administered with the equal amount of normal saline. Each group were killed 5 rats on the 7th, 14th and 28th day. The lung tissues were stained with HE and Sirius red methods. The mRNA expressions of α-SMA and HMGB1 were determined with RT-PCR; The pro-tein levels of α-SMA and HMGB1 were determined with Western blotting.@*Results@#Compared with the control group, the expression levels of α-SMA and HMGB1mRNA and protein in lung tissue of model group were grad-ually increased in the 7th, 14th and 28th days, the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.01) . Compared with model group, the levels of α-SMA and HMGB1mRNA and protein in lung tissue of group interfered by lumbricus were gradually lowered in the 7th, 14th and 28th days, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05, P<0.01) .@*Conclusion@#Lumbricus inhibits the collagen deposition and the formation of silicosis pulmo-nary fibrosis, which may be related to the inhibition of HMGB1 expression and activation of α-SMA in lung tis-sue.

The change of female progesterone level and blood calcium concentration in perimenopausal women with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective@#The estrogen level and blood calcium concentration changes were studied on menopausal women with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV).@*Methods@#Between January 2015 and January 2016, 70 menopause women with BPPV in outpatient clinics of Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Inner Mongolia Medical University Affiliated Hospital were included in this study as research group, while 30 menopause healthy women who came to hospital for check-up were included as control group. Serum levels of estradiol (E2), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), progesterone (PRO), testosterone (T), serum prolactin (PRL) and the calcium concentration were analysed and comparied between research group and control group. SPSS17.0 statistical software was used to analyze the data. χ2 test was used to compare the percentage of decreased serum level of sex hormone, and t test was used to compare the serum level of sex hormone and calcium concentration of two groups.@*Results@#In research group, sex hormone decreased proportion of E2 (91%) and PRO (67%) were obviously higher than those in control group (χ2 value was 8.13, 10.28, respectively, all P<0.05). The E2 and PRO in research group were significantly lower than those in control group ((33.18±31.45) pmol/L vs (64.92 ±31.52) pmol/L, (0.64±0.48) nmol/L vs (1.02±0.60) nmol/L, t value was 6.238, 8.566, respectively, all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference of the level of LH, PRL, T, FSH and blood calcium concentration in research group compared with control group ((29.81±13.13) U/L vs (27.21±10.19) U/L, (0.49±0.20) nmol/L vs (0.49±0.15) nmol/L, (0.56±0.42) nmol/L vs (0.73±0.62) nmol/L, (64.25±31.44) U/L vs (60.38±29.97) U/L, (2.28±0.17) mmol/L vs (2.32±0.21) mmol/L, t value was 13.427, 14.876, 7.505, 12.090, 7.532, respectively, all P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#The level of E2 and PRO decrease obviously in postmenopausal women with BPPV, which can cause the inner ear microcirculation disorder , may be one of the risk factors of BPPV.

Clinical outcome of decitabine combined with CAG regimen for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia ineligible for conventional chemotherapy / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of decitabine combined with CAG regimen in treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) ineligible for conventional chemotherapy. Methods The data of 20 cases with AML ineligible for conventional chemotherapy from January 2013 to May 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Decitabine combined with CAG regimen was used during induction therapy. The primary induction regimen was used 26 times after remission, the standard 3+7 regimen were used 7 times, and intermediate-dose cytarabine were used 3 times. The total course of treatment included 2-8 cycles. Results All of the 20 patients completed the first cycle of induction therapy, including 11 cases of complete remission (CR), 5 cases of partial remission and no response in 4 cases, and the overall response rate (ORR) was 80 % (16/20). ORR was 69.2 % (9/13) and 100.0 % (7/7) in high-risk group and middle-low risk group respectively. ORR was 60.0%(6/10) in AML evolving from MDS. 8 patients were infected during the induction therapy and the infection rate was 40.0% (8/20). 2 patients were died of pulmonary infection. The median number of suspended red blood cell and platelet infused were (9.1±5.7) U and (57.5±51.9) U respectively. Neutrophil recovery time was (8.7±5.6) days during induction therapy. All patients were followed up for at least 1 year, and 12 cases were dead. Overall survival rate was 85.0%at 3 months, 80.0%at 6 months, and 40.0%at 1 year. While in 12 CR patients relapse-free survival rate was 75.0%at 3 months, 75.0%at 6 months,and 65.6%at 1 year respectively. Conclusion Decitabine combined with CAG regimen with high remission rate and well tolerance, can be used as a first therapy for AML ineligible for conventional chemotherapy.

Sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia with propofol intravenous anesthesia on blood flow in patients with pediatric hernia operation and anesthesia quality dynamics / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To observe the contrast sevoflurane anesthesia and propofol intravenous anesthesia in children hernia surgery anesthesia on blood flow dynamics in children to assess the quality of anesthesia, anesthesia program aims for the future choose to provide important reference for basis . Methods The surgical treatment of pediatric hernia patients from January 2012 to June 2016 was prospectively selected as the study group, and the rats were divided into two groups by random drawing method. Results There were other children point and T1 relatively SBP, DBP were significantly lower (P<0.05), the observation group were significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05), the control group of children with T2, T3 compared with T1 point HR significantly increased (P<0.05). Conclusion Pediatric hernia surgery using laryngeal mask sevoflurane anesthesia exact effect, maintaining hemodynamic stability, safety, and can be widely used in clinical.

Study on the Stability Evaluation of 12 Kinds of Submicro Emulsion in Market and the Test Method for the Stability / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the stability of 12 kinds of submicro emulsion in market,and screen the test method for the stability. METHODS:12 kinds of submicro emulsion in market were selected,high pressure sterilization (121 ℃,30 min), high speed centrifugation(4000 r/min,15 min),accelerated test [placing 6 months under temperature of(40±2)℃,relative hu-midity of (75 ± 5)%] were conducted to investigate the pH,particle size and other indexes,and SPSS 22.0 was used to analyze the distribution variance and chi-square test,and investigate the correlation of 3 evaluation methods. RESULTS:In terms of stabili-ty investigation,the pH value of 12 kinds of submicro emulsion decreased to some extent after accelerated test,average particle size of 6 kinds of submicro emulsion samples were greater than 300 nm,the variance of the particle size distribution of 9 kinds ap-peared in 0.05-0.15,the chi-square test results of 8 kinds distributed below 1. The average particle size of 4 kinds of submicro emul-sions changed more than 10 nm after accelerated test. In terms of stability test method,Pearson chi-square progressive significance of high pressure sterilization and accelerated test was 0.665,which was higher than 0.05,indicating there was no correlation (no significance),the stability results of high pressure sterilization can not represent the results of accelerated test;that of high speed centrifugation and accelerated test was 0.004,which was lower than 0.05,indicating stability results between high speed centrifuga-tion and accelerated test results were significantly correlated. CONCLUSIONS:The submicro emulsion in market can meet the re-quirements of stability. To a certain extent,high speed centrifugation can replace the acceleration test.

Efficacy of low-dose cytarabine and harringtonine regimen as induction in different risk stratifications of acute myeloid leukemia / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of low-dose cytarabine and harringtonine (LD-HA) regimen in the induction therapy of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) except M3. Methods 52 AML patients who received LD-HA were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were graded according to molecular biological and cytogenetic risk degree. The clinical efficacy, toxicity of LD-HA and long-term survival followed-up were compared with those of idarubicin and cytarabine (IA) regimen in 49 patients. Results After one cycle, the overall remission (OR) rates of LD-HA group and IA group were 71.2%(37/52) [CR rate 50.0%(26/52), PR rate 21.2%(11/52)] and 53.1%(26/49) [CR rate 44.9%(22/49), PR rate 8.2%(4/49)], respectively, with no statistical significance of OR between the two groups (P= 0.068). OR rates were not statistically significant in either low-risk group or intermediate-risk group between LD-HA group and IA group (P> 0.05), but OR of high-risk group in LD-HA was much higher than that in IA group [100 % (11/11) vs 66.7 % (12/18), P<0.05]. Cardiac toxicity and bone marrow suppression in LD-HA group were much milder than those in IA group. The patients unfit for standard chemotherapy could tolerate to LD-HA regimen. Conclusions LD-HA regimen as induction for high risk AML patients can improve the OR rate, and reduce the side effects, which is beneficial for high-risk AML patients.

Effect of Celebrex on the Hemorheology and Levels of Inflammatory Factors in Patients with Delayed Fracture Healing / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the effect of Celebrex on hemorheology and levels of serum intercelluar adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1),serum vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1),tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients with delayed fracture healing.Methods 201 patients with delayed fracture healing in our hospital were randomly divided into observation group (n =101) and control group (n =100).The patients in control group received conventional surgical internal fixation,while patients in observation group received conventional surgical internal fixation combined with Celebrex.The clinical efficacy was observed,while the changes of hemorheology and levels of sICAM-1,sVCAM-1,TNF-α,IL-6 were compared between two groups before and after treatment.Results The effective rate of observation group was 94.1％,which was significant higher than that of control group 70.0％ (P＜0.01).There were no significantly differences between two groups in the indexes of hemorheology and levels of sICAM-1,sVCAM-1,TNF-α,IL-6 before treatment (P＞0.05).The indexes of hemorheology and levels of sICAM-1,sVCAM-1,TNF-α,IL-6 were significantly reduced after treatment,while the decreased degrees of observation group were better than those of control group,with statistically significant difference (P＜0.05).Conclusions Celebrex can improve the indexes of hemorheology,reduce the levels of sICAM-1,sVCAM-1,TNF-α,IL-6 and improve the clinical effect in treatment of delayed fracture healing.It is worth of popularization and application.

Simultaneous Determination of 3 Effective Ingredients in Compound Thymol Solution by HPLC / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish amethod for simultaneous determination ofbenzoic acid,methylis salicylas and thymol in Compound thymol solution.METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Thermo Hypersil BDS C18 with the mobile phase ofacetonitrile-water-acetic acid(40∶60∶0.02,V/V/V)at a flow rate of 1 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 275 nm,column tem-perature was 30 ℃,and injection volume was 10 μl. RESULTS:The linear range was 0.045 2-0.9030 mg/ml for benzoic acid, 0.0492-0.9844 mg/ml for methylis salicylas and 0.046 4-0.927 0 mg/ml for thymol;RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 2%;recoveries were 98.40%-108.88%(RSD=3.26%,n=9),98.21%-104.07%(RSD=1.87%,n=9) and 96.83-107.09%(RSD=3.33%,n=9),respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,accurate and specific,and accurately de-termine the contents of benzoic acid,methylis salicylas and thymol in Compound thymol solution.